Which substance is classified as a carcinogen according to materials classification?

The classification of substances as carcinogens is based on their potential to cause cancer in humans. Benzene, asbestos, and arsenic are all recognized as chemicals that have been linked to increased cancer risk in exposure studies. Each of these substances has been extensively studied and classified by organizations like the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and other health authorities due to their demonstrated effects on human health.

Benzene is a well-documented carcinogen associated with blood cancers, particularly leukemia. Asbestos has long been known to cause lung cancer and mesothelioma, a rare form of cancer linked directly to asbestos exposure. Arsenic is also classified as a carcinogen because of its association with skin cancer and other malignancies.

In contrast, water is not classified as a carcinogen and is essential for life. While organic solvents can vary in toxicity, not all are classified as carcinogens; some may be harmful or irritating but do not pose the same level of cancer risk as the substances identified in the correct answer. Hydrochloric acid, while corrosive and hazardous in terms of chemical burns and respiratory hazards, is not classified as a carcinogen. Thus, the identification of benzene, asbestos, and arsenic as carcinogens makes this answer